Basic organic chemicals are a broad class of substances containing carbon and their derivatives. They are produced in large quantities and are mostly sold within the chemical industry and to other industries before becoming products for the general consumer. You can shop from a wide selection of basic organic chemicals in this section. Chemicals available include but are not limited to benzene and methyl benzenes, buta-1,3-diene, epoxy ethane (ethylene oxide), ethane-1,2-diol (ethylene glycol), ethanoic acid (acetic acid), ethanol, ethene (ethylene) and methanal (formaldehyde). The major organic chemicals are all derived from seven basic ones: ethylene, propylene, the C4 fraction, benzene, toluene, xylene and methane.
Examples of organic compounds are carbohydrates, fats (lipids), proteins, and nucleic acids, which are the basis for the molecules of life. Organic compounds essential to human functioning include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleotides. These compounds are said to be organic because they contain both carbon and hydrogen.
Many, but not all, have the molecular formula (C6H12O6).
- fructose (C6H12O6)
- glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
- allose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
- altrose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
- galactose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
- gulose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
- arabinose (C5H10O5)
- erythrose (C4H8O4)
Compounds Examples
- Water - Formula: H2O = Hydrogen2 + Oxygen
- Hydrogen Peroxide - Formula: H2O2 = Hydrogen2 + Oxygen2
- Salt - Formula: NaCl = Sodium + Chlorine
- Baking Soda - Formula: NaHCO3 = Sodium + Hydrogen + Carbon + Oxygen3
- Octane - Formula: C8H18 = Carbon8 + Hydrogen18
Common Classes of Organic Compounds
- Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes.
- Arenes.
- Alcohols and Ethers.
- Aldehydes and Ketones.
- Carboxylic Acids.
- Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Esters. Amides.
- Amines.
- Conceptual Problems.
Organic chemicals
The heavy chemical industry, in its classical form, was based on inorganic chemistry, concerned with all the elements except carbon and their compounds, but including, as has been seen, the carbonates. Similarly, the light chemical industry uses organic chemistry, concerned with certain compounds of carbon such as hydrocarbons, and combinations of hydrogen and carbon. In the late 1960s the phrase heavy organic chemicals came into use for such compounds as benzene, phenol, ethylene, and vinyl chloride. Benzene and phenol are related chemically, and they are also related to toluene and the xylenes, which can be considered together as part of the aromatic group of organic chemicals, the aromatic compounds being most easily defined as those with chemical properties like those of benzene.
